Abstract. Antibiotic misuse emerged as a growing global health crisis, significantly contributing to the rise of antimicrobial resistance. This study focused on the issue in San Pablo City, Philippines, where research on antibiotic misuse was scarce. Data gathered revealed that barangay officials often distributed antibiotics without proper prescriptions or oversight from health workers. Additionally, individuals commonly shared prescriptions and prematurely stopped using antibiotics once their symptoms improved, practices that contributed to the escalating problem of antibiotic resistance. This research aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding antibiotic misuse among residents aged 20 years and above. A descriptive-comparative research design was employed, utilizing non-probability purposive sampling. Respondents were selected from both rural and urban areas of San Pablo City. A structured KAP survey questionnaire, validated by field experts and pilot-tested, was administered to 364 respondents. Data on demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning antibiotic misuse were statistically analyzed using frequency and percentage distribution, mean formula, Kruskal-Wallis H Test, and Mann-Whitney U Test. Results indicated that most respondents, predominantly female and aged 20-24, demonstrated commendable knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding antibiotic misuse. However, significant differences were observed when data were analyzed based on demographic factors such as age and income. Interestingly, no significant differences were found in KAP between rural and urban respondents. In conclusion, while general awareness about antibiotic misuse was promising, targeted educational interventions were essential to address specific demographic groups. These efforts were crucial in promoting responsible antibiotic use and combating the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance in the region.

Keywords: Knowledge; Attitude; Practices; Antibiotic misuse; San Pablo City.