Strategic Marketing Framework for Farmer Organizations’ Agri-Food Products
Keywords:
Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries Organizations (ARBOs), Agri-food products, Camarines Sur, Farmer Organization, Strategic marketing framework, TOWS analysisAbstract
This study examined the current market profile of Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries Organizations (ARBOs) in Camarines Sur, Philippines, focusing on customer type, market segmentation, purchase frequency, and transaction volume. It also assessed internal and external factors that affect customers’ purchase decisions for ARBO agri-food products. Using a mixed-methods design, the study gathered data from 100 respondents through online surveys and applied TOWS matrix analysis to develop strategic responses. Findings showed that ARBOs have a highly concentrated customer base, mainly composed of individual and household consumers, with limited geographic reach, irregular purchases, and small transaction volumes. Their key strengths include product freshness and quality, support for local farmers, and reasonable pricing. However, weaknesses such as limited distribution channels, supply constraints, and low brand recognition restrict market growth. Opportunities include rising health-consciousness and government support, while threats include supermarket competition and limited payment options. The study recommends health-focused marketing, e-commerce development, quality differentiation, and multi-channel marketing systems. It also introduces the SIKAT Strategic Marketing Framework, which aims to improve ARBOs’ market reach and competitiveness through practical, farmer-friendly strategies supported by a QR linked Digital Annex.
Downloads
References
Adanacioglu, H. (2021). Factors affecting the purchase behaviour of farmers’ markets consumers. PLOS One, 16(7), e0255435. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255435
Ballesteros, M., & Ancheta, J. (2020). The role of Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries Organizations (ARBOs) in agriculture value chain. Philippine Institute for Development Studies. https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2020.24
Benzaghta, M.A., Elwalda, A., Mousa, M., Erkan, I., & Rahman, M. (2021). SWOT analysis applications: An integrative literature review. Journal of Global Business Insights, 6(1), 55–73. https://doi.org/10.5038/2640-6489.6.1.1148
Chauhan, A., Harish, K., Kumar, U., & Raunak. (2025). Mobile app for direct market access for farmers. International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 6(5), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1109/iccams65118.2025.11234058
Cicia, G., Furno, M., & Del Giudice, T. (2021). Do consumers’ values and attitudes affect food retailer choice? Evidence from a national survey on farmers’ market in Germany. Agricultural and Food Economics, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40100-020-00172-2
D’Oria, L., Crook, T.R., Ketchen, D., Jr., Sirmon, D., & Wright, M. (2021). The evolution of resource-based inquiry: A review and meta-analytic integration of the strategic resources–actions–performance pathway. Journal of Management, 47(6), 1383–1429. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206321994182
Duc, N.M., Nhuan, N.H., Huong, T.T.T., Hai, N.M., & Vien, T.D. (2024). Revolutionising agriculture and rural economy through digital transformation: Bridging theory with practice. The VMOST Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 66(2), 20–29. https://doi.org/10.31276/VMOSTJOSSH.2024.0022
Gaikwad, J., & Yadav, B. (2020). The significance of market research in the business decision. Journal of Global Economy, 16(2), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1956/jge.v16i2.650
Harris, B., & Brooker, J. (2025). Environmental scanning: A look to the future. New Directions for Evaluation, 2025(185–186), 33–41. https://doi.org/10.1002/ev.20633
Kalaiarasan, K., & Kavitha, K. (2024). Customer awareness and preferences in organic food consumption. ICTACT Journal on Management Studies, 10(3), 1941–1944. https://doi.org/10.21917/ijms.2024.0299
Kamakaula, Y., & Fenetiruma, O.A. (2025). Farmers’ resilience to climate change through sustainable agricultural practices. West Science Nature and Technology, 3(02), 93–100. https://doi.org/10.58812/wsnt.v3i02.1974
Karnika, E., Karthikeyan, C., Senthil Kumar, M., Balaji, P., & Kavithashree, G.G. (2024). Value addition and consumer preference on social media marketing: A case study of the Kazhani Farmers Market. Journal of Scientific Research and Reports, 30(9), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i92335
Khushwaha, R., Sharma, Y., Sharma, K., Singh, Y., & Mehta, P. (2025). Market access barriers and challenges among farmer producer organizations. International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development, 8(10), 333–336. https://doi.org/10.33545/26180723.2025.v8.i10e.2601
Ma, W., Marini, M., & Rahut, D. (2023). Farmers’ organizations and sustainable development: An introduction. Annals of Public and Co-operative Economy, 94(3), 683–700. https://doi.org/10.1111/apce.12449
Maró, Z.M., Maró, G., Jámbor, Z., Czine, P., & Török, Á. (2023). Profiling the consumers of farmers’ markets: A systematic review of survey-based empirical evidence. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 38. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1742170523000467
Moreno-Ortiz, C., Peterson, D., Collart, A., Downey, L., Seal, S., & Gallardo, R. (2021). Small farmers’ use of social media and other channels for marketing their agricultural products. Journal of Extension, 59(Autumn 2021). https://doi.org/10.34068/joe.59.04.19
Mulder, R. (2019). Consumer perceptions and demand for locally-grown vegetables in South Dakota [Doctoral dissertation, South Dakota State University]. Open PRAIRIE. https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/3653
Ola, O., & Menapace, L. (2020). Revisiting constraints to smallholder participation in high‐value markets: A best‐worst scaling approach. Agricultural Economics, 51(4), 595–608. https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.12574
Pagare, D., Biswas, I., Agrahari, A., & Ghosh, S. (2022). A small farmer’s market choice behavior in the presence of multiple markets: The Indian case. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4025333
Pascual, P.A., Sedanza, N., Loso, M., Salvino, M.J., Mendoza, R., & Abenis, N.F.L. (2020). Understanding consumer buying behaviours towards public markets and grocery stores in Tacloban City, Philippines. International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research, 6(3), 40–47. https://doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v6.i3.2019.364
Philippine Statistics Authority. (2025). 2023 official poverty statistics among the basic sectors in the Philippines. https://tinyurl.com/muc9x4zs
Plakias, Z., Demko, I., & Katchova, A. (2019). Direct marketing channel choices among US farmers: Evidence from the local food marketing practices survey. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 35(5), 475–489. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1742170519000085
Rocchi, B., Randelli, F., Corsini, L., & Giampaolo, S. (2019). Farmer direct selling: The role of regional factors. Regional Studies, 54(8), 1112–1122. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2019.1676887
Sangwanv, P., Lone, A.F., & Kundal, M. (2025). Impact of e-marketing and digital Mandis on agricultural supply chain. International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development, 8(11), 290–295. https://doi.org/10.33545/26180723.2025.v8.i11d.2648
Siddiqui, M., Chakraborty, D., & Siddiqui, A. (2023). Consumers buying behaviour towards agri-food products: A mixed-method approach. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 73, 103349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103349
Singh, R., & Sharma, S. (2025). Farmer’s perspectives on use of social media for marketing of agricultural products. Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies. https://doi.org/10.1108/jadee-06-2024-0208
Stanco, M., Lerro, M., Marotta, G., & Nazzaro, C. (2019). Consumers’ and farmers’ characteristics in short food supply chains: An exploratory analysis. Studies in Agricultural Economics, 121(2), 67–74. https://doi.org/10.7896/j.1905
Teece, D. (2017). Business models and dynamic capabilities. Long Range Planning, 51(1), 40–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2017.06.007
Tesoro, T. (2025). An impact analysis of the comprehensive agrarian reform in the second district of Camarines Sur. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science, X(VII), 1615–1653. https://doi.org/10.51584/ijrias.2025.100700146
Török, Á., Yeh, C., Menozzi, D., Balogh, P., & Czine, P. (2023b). European consumers’ preferences for fresh fruit and vegetables – A cross-country analysis. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 14, 100883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100883
Widadie, F., Wulandari, E., & Lestari, R.D. (2024). Business models for engaging smallholder farmers in high-value markets: Empirical evidence from vegetable value chains. Agricultural and Resource Economics International Scientific E-Journal, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.51599/are.2024.10.04.08
Yoshida, S., & Yagi, H. (2021). Long-term development of urban agriculture: Resilience and sustainability of farmers facing the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Sustainability, 13(8), 4316. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084316
Zhao, Q., Fu, C., & Wang, H. (2025). Digital literacy and income inequality among farm households: Evidence from China. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2025.1728761
Zheng, Y., Mei, L., & Chen, W. (2024). Does government policy matter in the digital transformation of farmers’ cooperatives?—A tripartite evolutionary game analysis. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2024.1398319
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.