Assessing Preparedness of Higher Education Institutions for Bomb Related-Emergencies
Keywords:
Bomb, Bomb threat, Emergency preparedness, Explosions, Higher Education Institution, SafetyAbstract
The study assesses how prepared higher education institutions are to respond to a bomb-related incident on the school campus. The total number of respondents is 585, consisting of faculty, security personnel, administrators, and staff. The study was conducted in Lucena City, Quezon, with four participating higher education institutions. The study aims to analyze respondents' awareness of safety measures for responding to bomb-related emergencies, determine whether higher education institutions provide adequate training for school personnel and have the necessary resources to respond to such incidents, and compare each institution's preparedness level. Structured survey questionnaires were used to collect data, and a weighted mean was used to interpret the results. A one-way ANOVA was used to compare the preparedness levels of the higher education institutions. As a result, there was no significant difference in the preparedness of higher education institutions regarding equipment and resources. However, there are significant differences in training and programs, as well as in collaboration and coordination. This study reveals that the respondents are aware of the safety measures for responding to bomb-related emergencies. Also, higher education institutions are poorly prepared to provide adequate training for school personnel. However, they have the necessary equipment and collaborate with various agencies in response to bomb-related emergencies. This study emphasizes the importance of responding proactively to bomb emergencies in educational institutions.
Downloads
References
Agonoy, L., Rosauro, R., Alipala, J., Umel, R., Lacorte, G., Fernandez, E., Bautista, J., et al. (2023). Bomb blast during Mass kills 4, wounds 50 at Mindanao State University. Inquirer Mindanao. https://tinyurl.com/4hdmnch3
Chi, C. (2023). CHED urges campuses to tighten security after Marawi bombings. Philstar Global. https://tinyurl.com/kprfzt6w
CHED. (2024). List of Higher Education Institutions. https://tinyurl.com/yff4wbmm
Dela Cruz, R.D., & Ormilla, R.C. (2022). Disaster risk reduction management implementation in the public elementary schools of the Department of Education, Philippines. International Journal of Disaster Risk Management. 4(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.18485/ijdrm.2022.4.2.1
Escoto, A., & Hussien, O. (2024). Disaster awareness and preparedness: Basis for school Disaster Risk Reduction and Management plan. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 26(5), 429–443. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.13912860
Estacio, D. (2023). Classes in four schools in Quezon suspended after receiving bomb threats. Manila Bulletin. https://tinyurl.com/eur2xsht
Fragata, R. (2022). Disaster preparedness and response practices in the University of Baguio libraries: The role of disaster equipment. University of Baguio Research Journal, 44(2), 2945–3321. https://tinyurl.com/4tp76m2s
Hyder, S., Manzoor, A.F., & Iqbal, M.A. (2020). Policy implementation: Teachers’ role as first responders in emergencies and disasters. Kesmas National Public Health Journal, 15(4), 163–168. https://doi.org/10.21109/kesmas.v15i4.2989
Ilori, A.E., & Sawa, B.A. (2020). Towards effective management of fire emergency and risk reduction in public and private secondary schools in Kwara State, Nigeria: Is there emergency preparedness plan. Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports, 11(4), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2020/v11i430269
Kamaruddin, S. (2025). Disaster preparedness plan in secondary school environment. International Journal of Social, Politics and Humanities. 8(2), 95–105. https://doi.org/10.33019/berumpun.v8i2.282
Kharat, P., & Khadke, D. (2022). Effectiveness of awareness program on disaster preparedness and mitigation among teachers in selected secondary schools of City. International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology. https://tinyurl.com/57mmcsty
Manuel, A.R., Arias, E., Orfrecio, M., Martinez, N., Java, V., Java, M., Jr., Janito, C., & Tagare, R., Jr. (2025). Enhancing disaster and emergency preparedness in schools: An examination of management knowledge and practices among elementary educators. Journal of Social Knowledge Education, 6(2), 231–241. https://doi.org/10.37251/jske.v6i2.1653
Mubita, K. (2021). Understanding school safety and security: Conceptualization and definitions. Journal of Lexicography and Terminology, 5(1), 76–86. https://tinyurl.com/5n7rfxex
Nielo, L.C. (2024). A disaster communication plan for higher education institutions in the island province of Occidental Mindoro, Philippines. Frontiers in Communication, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2024.1368221
Olorunfemi, O., & Adesunloye, O.B. (2024). Disaster preparedness and first aid response: The role of emergency nurses. Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences, 12(2), 231–236. https://doi.org/10.4103/amhs.amhs_12_24
Ruttenberg, R., Raynor, P., Tobey, S., & Rice, C. (2021). Perception of impact of frequent short training as an enhancement of annual refresher training. A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy. https://doi.org/10.1177/1048291120920553
Tupas, E., & Villeza, M. (2024). Bomb threats hit Metro Manila, Luzon offices, and schools. The Philstar Global. https://tinyurl.com/2fb59tut
Zoleta, M. (2024). Bomb threat cancels classes at Quezon province school. Philstar Global. https://tinyurl.com/3fzy6nx2
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
