Mathematics Achievement of Grade 9 Students During the Implementation of Structured Problem-Solving Instruction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69569/jip.2026.017Keywords:
Achievement gains, Mathematics achievement, Perception survey, Pretest–posttest design, Structured problem-solving instructionAbstract
This study examined changes in Grade 9 students’ mathematics achievement during the implementation of structured problem-solving instruction (SPSI) in a public secondary school in Masbate, Philippines. Specifically, it aimed to describe students’ mathematics performance, determine whether significant differences existed between pretest and posttest scores on the Rapid Mathematics Assessment (RMA) and Albay Numeracy Assessment Tool (ALNAT), and describe students’ perceptions of the instructional approach. Using a quantitative one-group pretest–posttest design, the study involved 90 Grade 9 students for the pretest–posttest analyses, while 49 students with complete matched data were included in the perception, correlation, and regression analyses. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired-samples t-tests, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. Results showed that RMA scores increased from pretest (M = 20.56, SD = 11.38) to posttest (M = 25.36, SD = 16.59), t(89) = –3.39, p = .001. ALNAT scores also increased from pretest (M = 27.73, SD = 7.36) to posttest (M = 38.42, SD = 13.37), t(89) = –7.02, p < .001. Students generally reported positive perceptions of SPSI, particularly regarding classroom support and step-by-step problem-solving. However, perception variables were not significantly correlated with RMA or ALNAT gains, and the regression model did not significantly predict RMA improvement, F(4, 44) = 1.20, p = .326, adjusted R² = .016. The findings indicate that students’ mathematics achievement increased during the year in which SPSI was implemented, but the design does not permit strong causal claims. The results suggest that SPSI may be a promising classroom approach, while further studies using comparison groups are needed to isolate its effect.
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