Crime Prevention Strategies and Attitude Towards Corruption of Police Officers: A Prediction Model on Public Confidence in the PNP
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69569/jip.2026.427xKeywords:
Accountability, Crime prevention strategies, Philippine National Police, Public confidence, Corruption attitudesAbstract
This study examined the influence of crime prevention strategies and police officers’ attitudes toward corruption on public confidence in the Philippine National Police (PNP). Despite increasing attention to police legitimacy and public trust, limited studies have simultaneously examined these variables to develop a prediction model within the Philippine context. The study aimed to determine the levels of crime prevention strategies, attitudes toward corruption, and public confidence in policing; examine their significant relationships; and formulate a regression model predicting public confidence in the PNP. A quantitative, explanatory, cross-sectional research design was employed using a stratified random sample of 450 community residents of Parang, Maguindanao del Norte. Data were collected through a validated researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, multiple regression, path analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results revealed that crime prevention strategies (M = 4.26), attitudes toward corruption (M = 4.23), and public confidence in policing (M = 4.23) were all rated Very High. Significant positive relationships were found between crime prevention strategies and public confidence in policing, as well as between attitudes toward corruption and public confidence (p < .001). Regression analysis showed that public relation, performance review, community assessment, and sustainability of policing significantly predicted public confidence among crime prevention strategies, while elimination strategies emerged as the strongest predictor among the anti-corruption dimensions. The findings indicate that relational, accountability-based, and integrity-driven policing practices are more influential in strengthening public confidence than crime-specific interventions alone. The study concludes that enhancing transparency, ethical leadership, police-community engagement, and sustainable policing initiatives is essential for improving public confidence and institutional legitimacy in the PNP.
Downloads
References
Abdi, A.-N.M., & Hashi, M.B. (2024). Impact of police effectiveness on public trust and public cooperation with the Somalia police service: Exploring the mediating role of citizen satisfaction. Cogent Social Sciences, 10(1), Article 2327137. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2327137
Alehegn, D., Karunakaran, R., & Engida, B. (2025). The role of community policing structures in enhancing safety, security, and local crime prevention in Addis Ababa City Administration. SN Social Sciences, 5, 168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43545-025-01195-6
Braga, A.A., Weisburd, D., & Turchan, B. (2019). Focused deterrence strategies and crime control: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Criminology & Public Policy, 18(1), 205–250. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12431
Camp, N.P., Voigt, R., Jurafsky, D., & Eberhardt, J.L. (2021). The thin blue waveform: Racial disparities in officer prosody undermine institutional trust in the police. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 121(6), 1157–1171. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000270
Galangco, R.B.B., & Chinayo, D.L. (2022). The state of police legitimacy through the people's trust and satisfaction in the performance of the police of their duties. American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation, 1(6), 47–55. https://doi.org/10.54536/ajmri.v1i6.872
Headley, A., Wright, J., & Meier, K. (2021). Bureaucracy, democracy, and race: The limits of symbolic representation. Public Administration Review, 81(6), 1033–1043. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13358
Jang, H., Lee, J., & Gibbs, J. (2015). The influence of the national government on confidence in the police: A focus on corruption. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 43(4), 553–568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlcj.2015.01.003
Karimullah, S.S. (2024). The role of law enforcement officials: The dilemma between professionalism and political interests. Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan, 13(2), 365–392. https://doi.org/10.25216/jhp.13.2.2024.365-392
Kochel, T.R., & Skogan, W. (2021). Accountability and transparency as levers to promote public trust and police legitimacy: Findings from a natural experiment. Policing: An International Journal, 44(6), 1046–1059. https://doi.org/10.1108/PIJPSM-04-2021-0062
Miller, D.G. (2025). Community-based policing strategies for promoting development and stability in Kogi State. African Journal of Stability and Development (AJSD), 17(2), 814–828. https://doi.org/10.53982/ajsd.2025.1702.01-j
Mohamed Abdi, A.N., & Hashi, M.B. (2024). Impact of police effectiveness on public trust and public cooperation with the Somalia police service: Exploring the mediating role of citizen satisfaction. Cogent Social Sciences, 10(1), Article 2327137. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2327137
Morrell, K., Bradford, B., & Javid, B. (2020). What does it mean when we ask the public if they are "confident" in policing? The trust, fairness, presence model of public confidence. International Journal of Police Science & Management, 22(2), 111–122. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461355719891197
Nanes, M. (2020). Policing in divided societies: Officer inclusion, citizen cooperation, and crime prevention. Conflict Management and Peace Science, 37(5), 580–604. https://doi.org/10.1177/0738894218802580
Nweke, O., Osei-Bonsu, K., Nwosu, O., Abdul-Aziz, S., & Zibo, B.S. (2024). Community-oriented policing: Insights from New Haven and implications for Ghana and Nigeria. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 12(8), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2024.128001
Nzai, S.K., & Makokha, K. (2024). Security governance and law enforcement by the national police: Case of Nairobi City County, Kenya. Reviewed Journal of Social Science & Humanities, 5(1), 1–22.
Peacock, R. (2021). Dominance analysis of police legitimacy's regressors: Disentangling the effects of procedural justice, effectiveness, and corruption. Police Practice and Research, 22(1), 589–605. https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2020.1851229
Petersen, K., Weisburd, D., Fay, S., Eggins, E., & Mazerolle, L. (2023). Police stops to reduce crime: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 19(1), e1302. https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1302
Prenzler, T., & Porter, L. (2024). Police early intervention systems: Integrating officer performance, integrity, and welfare. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44162-2
Reddick, C.G., Demir, T., & Perlman, B. (Eds.). (2025). Public sector ethics: Compliance, integrity, and comparison. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003416258
Rudhanto, A.W. (2022). Predictors of citizens' satisfaction and trust in police as a function of good governance and cooperative culture. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies, 9(3), 152–167. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/1279
Sumala, J., Polison, J.V., Denzon, J.H., & Gono, E. (2024). Students’ perception of the interplay of police performance and public trust. International Journal of Metaverse, 2(1), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.54536/ijm.v2i1.3184
Tankebe, J. (2010). Public confidence in the police: Testing the effects of public experiences of police corruption in Ghana. British Journal of Criminology, 50(2), 296–319. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azq001
Tyler, T. (2025). Legitimacy-based policing. Criminology & Public Policy, 24(2), 165–187. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12695
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
JIP is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Under the Open Access Policy, appropriate attribution can be provided by simply citing the original article.
