Parental Satisfaction with University Services in a Philippine Private University
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69569/jip.2025.650Keywords:
Parents' satisfaction, Philippines, Service quality, University basic educationAbstract
Parental perceptions and satisfaction have increasingly been recognized as critical indicators of educational quality in higher education, particularly in basic and secondary education, where both academic instruction and student welfare are essential to holistic development. Understanding how parents perceive various aspects of the learning environment provides valuable feedback on institutional effectiveness and identifies areas for improvement in both academic and administrative processes. This study was conducted to evaluate parental satisfaction with the services of a Private University in Mandaue City, Philippines, focusing on the five service quality dimensions of tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. Employing a descriptive-correlational design, data were collected from 200 parents from grades 4 to 10 using a structured questionnaire. Statistical analyses included frequency counts, weighted means, chi-square tests of independence, and multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that parents were generally satisfied, with the highest ratings in tangibility, assurance, and empathy, while responsiveness and reliability, though slightly lower, remained positive. Income and gender significantly influenced satisfaction across specific dimensions. The study concluded that parental satisfaction is multidimensional and requires continuous attention to administrative efficiency, effective communication, infrastructure maintenance, and student welfare. A key contribution of this research is the insight that parents' perspectives provide a comprehensive understanding of service quality in higher education, extending beyond student-focused evaluations and emphasizing the importance of stakeholder engagement in institutional development.
Downloads
References
Akdere, M., Hickman, L., & Kirchner, M. (2020). Developing leadership competencies for STEM fields: The case of Purdue Polytechnic Leadership Academy. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 22(2), 199–215. https://doi.org/10.1177/1523422318814546
Albayda, M.R. (2025). Service quality of private higher educational institutions in Kabankalan City as a determinant of student retention. Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 3(8), 331–344. https://doi.org/10.69569/jip.2025.447
Ali, F., Kim, W.G., Li, J., & Jeon, H.-M. (2021). Make it delightful: Customers’ experience, satisfaction and loyalty in hospitality and tourism. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 17, 100458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2016.05.003
Ali, F., Zhou, Y., Hussain, K., Nair, P.K., & Ragavan, N.A. (2016). Does service quality affect student satisfaction, image, and loyalty? Quality Assurance in Education, 24(1), 70–94. https://doi.org/10.1108/QAE-02-2014-0008
Ali, F., Zhou, Y., Hussain, K., Nair, P.K., & Ragavan, N.A. (2021). Service quality in higher education: Examining the moderating role of educational level. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 13(1), 41–57. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTS-12-2023-0032
Anderson, J.C., & Johnson, R.W. (2019). Parental involvement and satisfaction in higher education: A cross-cultural perspective. Journal of Education and Learning, 8(2), 115–124. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X14541444
Annamdevula, S., & Bellamkonda, R.S. (2022). Effect of student-perceived service quality on student satisfaction, loyalty, and motivation in Indian universities: Development of HiEduQual. Journal of Modelling in Management, 17(1), 140–166. https://doi.org/10.1108/JM2-01-2014-0010
Annamdevula, S., & Bellamkonda, R.S. (2022). The effects of service quality on student loyalty: The mediating role of student satisfaction. Journal of Modelling in Management, 17(1), 221–239. https://doi.org/10.1108/JM2-04-2014-0031
Arambewela, R., & Hall, J. (2009). An empirical model of international student satisfaction. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 21(4), 555–569. https://doi.org/10.1108/13555850910997599
Avvisati, F., Besbas, B., & Guyon, N. (2010). Parental involvement in school: A literature review. Revue d’économie politique, 120(5), 759–778. https://doi.org/10.3917/redp.205.0759
Bachanicha, R., Dorio, P., Jr., & Taoc, M. (2025). Needs assessment of beneficiaries in the “Adopt-A-Trainee” program of the university. JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research, 59(1), 158–174. https://doi.org/10.7719/jpair.v59i1.925
Bagirova, A.P., Sandler, D.G., & Klyuev, A.K. (2025). Parental involvement and satisfaction with education services: A study of higher education institutions. Educational Studies, 51(3), 289–305. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.752802
Ballesteros, M.M. (2019). Parental involvement in the Philippines: Patterns, practices, and challenges. Philippine Institute for Development Studies Policy Notes, 2019-06, 1–6. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ej1207994
Bernardo, A.B.I. (2020). Educational aspirations of Filipino parents and their role in student learning outcomes. Philippine Journal of Psychology, 53(1), 25–44. https://www.pap.ph/pjp
Brown, P., & Salmi, J. (2022). Higher education and parental engagement: Insights from Europe and North America. Routledge.
Cabrera, N., Volling, B., & Barr, R. (2018). Fathers are parents, too! Widening the lens on parenting for children’s development. Child Development Perspectives, 12(3), 152–157. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12275
Chan, L.H. (2021). Parental perceptions of university quality in Cambodia: Implications for student success. Asian Journal of Higher Education, 12(3), 45–62. https://tinyurl.com/4crkxrsy
Cruz, M., & Castillo, R. (2019). Measuring parental satisfaction in private Philippine universities. Philippine Journal of Education Research, 18(2), 87–102. https://tinyurl.com/mpjkvhte
Davis-Kean, P.E. (2005). The influence of parent education and family income on child achievement: The indirect role of parental expectations and the home environment. Journal of Family Psychology, 19(2), 294–304. https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.19.2.294
Del Río-Rama, M.D.L.C., Álvarez-García, J., Mun, H., & Durán-Sánchez, A. (2021). Influence of quality on satisfaction and loyalty in higher education: A systematic review. Sustainability, 13(9), 4989.
Del Río-Rama, M.C., Maldonado-Erazo, C.P., Álvarez-García, J., & Durán-Sánchez, A. (2021). Quality in higher education: A bibliometric review. Sustainability, 13(2), 769. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13094989
Elliott, K., & Healy, M. (2001). Key factors influencing student satisfaction related to recruitment and retention. Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, 10(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1300/J050v10n04_01
Lovelock, C., & Wirtz, J. (2016). Services marketing: People, technology, strategy (8th Ed.). World Scientific. https://tinyurl.com/2ua2xf9c
Manzoor, F., Wei, L., Nurunnabi, M., Subhan, Q.A., Shah, S.I.A., & Fallatah, S. (2021). The impact of socioeconomic status on student achievement: A case study of higher education. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(6), 3129. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063129
McLeod, S. (2018). Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development. Simply Psychology. https://www.simplypsychology.org/Erik-Erikson.html
Micabalo, K., Cano, J., & Montilla, R. (2020). University performance satisfaction: A student experience in the Philippines. Asian Journal of Engineering and Applied Technology, 9(2), 29–35. https://doi.org/10.51983/ajeat-2020.9.2.1088
Nguyen, P.T. (2020). Evaluating parental satisfaction with university services in Vietnam. Vietnam Journal of Educational Research, 10(1), 55–70.
Perkins, R. (2019). The role of parental confidence in higher education branding and student retention. Journal of Education and Work, 32(5), 497–511.
Rashid, S., & Mustafa, M.Z. (2022). Gender differences in satisfaction and service quality perceptions in higher education. Quality Assurance in Education, 30(4), 543–558.
Reyes, C.M., Tabuga, A.D., & Asis, R.D. (2019). The impact of family income on educational outcomes in the Philippines. Philippine Institute for Development Studies Discussion Paper Series No. 2019-13.
Rubio, R.R.M., Covarrubias, S., Carpio, L., Orquia, J., & Tan, M.F. (2025). Toward sustainable well-being in higher education: Mental health status, attitudes, social support, and service utilization among college students. Mental Health: Global Challenges Journal, 8(1), 1–15. http://mhgcj.org/index.php/MHGCJ/article/view/269
Saeed, R., & Hameed, S. (2023). The impact of assurance and empathy on student loyalty in higher education services. Journal of Education and Practice, 14(7), 122–134. https://tinyurl.com/4zpt5hya
Sarmiento, M.J., & Orbeta, A.C. (2020). Investing in education: Parental involvement and decision-making in ASEAN countries. Asian Development Bank. https://tinyurl.com/5x63aab6
Sirin, S. (2005). Socioeconomic status and academic achievement: A meta-analytic review of research. Review of Educational Research, 75(3), 417–453. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543075003417
Sukardi, D. (2021). Parental satisfaction and advocacy in Indonesian higher education. Indonesian Journal of Education Administration, 9(2), 77–91. https://doi.org/10.55885/jerp.v2i1.156
Tessema, M., Ready, K., & Yu, W. (2012). Factors affecting college students’ satisfaction with major curriculum: Evidence from nine years of data. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2(2), 34–44. https://tinyurl.com/yc4b7mma
Twum, F., & Peprah, W.K. (2020). An assessment of service quality and customer satisfaction in higher education. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(3), 169–181. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i10/7923
Zhao, M., & Zhang, Y. (2024). The relationship between faculty support, academic self-efficacy, and online learning performance among university students. SAGE Open, 14(3), 21582440241304928. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/21582440241304928
Zhou, Y., & Guo, Y. (2023). Socioeconomic background and higher education satisfaction: Exploring inequalities in student experiences. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 45(2), 115–132. http://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2023.2182260
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.